Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a common treatment for prostate cancer that works by reducing levels of male hormones, such as testosterone, in the body. This can slow the growth and spread of prostate cancer cells, as these cancers are often fueled by androgens. ADT can be achieved through medications that block the production or action of androgens, or through surgical removal of the testicles, which are the main source of testosterone production. ADT is typically used in combination with other treatments for prostate cancer, such as radiation therapy or surgery. It has been shown to be effective in treating advanced or metastatic prostate cancer, as well as in lowering the risk of recurrence after primary treatment. However, ADT is associated with side effects such as hot flashes, fatigue, loss of muscle mass, and decreased libido, which can impact the quality of life for some patients. Ongoing research is focused on improving the effectiveness and reducing the side effects of ADT, as well as exploring its use in other types of cancer.